{"id":248,"date":"2021-07-16T16:19:45","date_gmt":"2021-07-16T08:19:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248"},"modified":"2021-07-16T16:19:49","modified_gmt":"2021-07-16T08:19:49","slug":"tcp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248","title":{"rendered":"TCP"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/388704023\">https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/388704023<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-right counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e0ee748ffe1\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e0ee748ffe1\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#%E6%8B%A5%E5%A1%9E%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6\" >\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6\" >\u673a\u5236<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D\" >\u540d\u8bcd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#SACK\" >SACK<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#%E9%87%8D%E4%BC%A0%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8\" >\u91cd\u4f20\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#%E9%9B%B6%E7%AA%97%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8\" >\u96f6\u7a97\u53e3\u63a2\u6d4b\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#nagle%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95\" >nagle\u7b97\u6cd5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#%E5%BB%B6%E8%BF%9F%E7%A1%AE%E8%AE%A4\" >\u5ef6\u8fdf\u786e\u8ba4<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/?p=248\/#%E6%BB%91%E5%8A%A8%E7%AA%97%E5%8F%A3\" >\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%8B%A5%E5%A1%9E%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6\"><\/span>\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6162\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u4f20\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316cwnd = 1\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u4e00\u4e2aMSS\u5355\u4f4d\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b<\/li><li>\u6bcf\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aACK\uff0ccwnd\u5c31\u52a0\u4e00;<\/li><li>\u6bcf\u5f53\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aRTT\uff0ccwnd\u5c31\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u500d; \u5448\u6307\u6570\u4e0a\u5347\uff1b<\/li><li>\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u95e8\u9650(slow start threshold, ssthress)<br>TCP\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a65535\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662fTCP\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u9009\u62e9<br>\u5f53cwnd &lt; ssthress\u65f6\uff0cTCP\u4f7f\u7528\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u6cd5 \u5f53cwnd &gt; ssthress\u65f6\uff0cTCP\u4f7f\u7528\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\u7b97\u6cd5<br>\u5f53\u4e24\u8005\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u4e24\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5f53\u8fdb\u884c\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\u65f6\uff0ccwnd\u6bcf\u6b21\u6536\u5230ack\u540e\u4e0d\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u6570\u500d\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a cwnd = cwnd + 1\/cwnd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2aRTT\uff0ccwnd = cwnd + 1\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u62e5\u585e\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cRTO\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u4f20\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RTO\u8d85\u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>ssthress\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\uff08\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u901a\u544a\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff1b<\/li><li>cwnd\u91cd\u7f6e\u4e3a\uff11\uff1b<\/li><li>\u8fdb\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\uff13\u4e2aduplicate ack\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u4f20\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>cwnd = cwnd\/2\uff1b<\/li><li>ssthresh = cwnd;<\/li><li>\u8fdb\u5165\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>cwnd = sshthresh + 3<\/li><li>\u91cd\u4f20\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u90a3\u51e0\u4e2aACK\uff08\u5373\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u90a3\u51e0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff09<\/li><li>\u5982\u679c\u518d\u6536\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u7684 ACK\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 cwnd = cwnd +1<\/li><li>\u5982\u679c\u6536\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7684 ACK \u540e, cwnd = sshthresh\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6536\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7684 ACK\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u6062\u590d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e86<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u62e5\u585e\u72b6\u6001\u673a<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"762\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/tcp_cong_state_machine.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/tcp_cong_state_machine.png 762w, https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/tcp_cong_state_machine-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/tcp_cong_state_machine-670x448.png 670w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 762px) 100vw, 762px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6\"><\/span>\u673a\u5236<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D\"><\/span>\u540d\u8bcd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u901a\u544a\u7a97\u53e3<br>\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u91ca\uff1aTCP\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5728TCP\u4e24\u7aef\u5728\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u58f0\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u63a5\u53d7\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u53d1\u9001ack\u786e\u8ba4\u6570\u636e\u5305\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f20\u9001\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8fc7\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5f53\u7a97\u53e3\u4e3a0\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5c06\u505c\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d1\u9001<br>flow control\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0e<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SACK\"><\/span>SACK<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528SACK\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u786e\u8ba4\u4e22\u5305\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b493\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684ack\u5305\u624d\u89e6\u53d1\uff0e\u90a3\u6837\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7b49\u592a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u8ba4\u4e22\u5305(\u6536\u5230\uff13\u4e2aduplicate ack\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u4f20\u8d85\u65f6)\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f51\u7edc\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/allen-kevin.github.io\/2017\/03\/01\/TCP%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E4%B9%8Bsack%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D\/\">https:\/\/allen-kevin.github.io\/2017\/03\/01\/TCP%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E4%B9%8Bsack%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%87%8D%E4%BC%A0%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8\"><\/span>\u91cd\u4f20\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/allen-kevin.github.io\/2018\/01\/02\/TCP%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8%EF%BC%88%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%89\/\">https:\/\/allen-kevin.github.io\/2018\/01\/02\/TCP%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8%EF%BC%88%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%89\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>sysctl_tcp_retries1<\/li><li>sysctl_tcp_retries2<\/li><li>sysctl_tcp_syn_retries<\/li><li>sysctl_tcp_orphan_retries<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9B%B6%E7%AA%97%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8\"><\/span>\u96f6\u7a97\u53e3\u63a2\u6d4b\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"nagle%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95\"><\/span>nagle\u7b97\u6cd5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>TCP_CORK,\u628a\u5c0f\u5305\u5806\u79ef\u8d77\u6765\u53d1\uff0c200ms\u8d85\u65f6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%BB%B6%E8%BF%9F%E7%A1%AE%E8%AE%A4\"><\/span>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u786e\u8ba4<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>TCP_NODELAY,\u56de\u590dack\u65f6\u7b49\u6709\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u65f6\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u9001\uff0c40ms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%BB%91%E5%8A%A8%E7%AA%97%E5%8F%A3\"><\/span>\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5df2\u53d1\u9001\u4e14\u5df2\u6536\u5230ACK\u786e\u8ba4<\/li><li>\u5df2\u53d1\u9001\u4f46\u672a\u6536\u5230ACK\u786e\u8ba4<\/li><li>\u672a\u53d1\u9001\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001<\/li><li>\u672a\u53d1\u9001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"337\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_sender.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_sender.jpg 720w, https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_sender-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_sender-670x314.jpg 670w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u63a5\u6536\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4<\/li><li>\u672a\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536<\/li><li>\u672a\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"356\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_receiver.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_receiver.jpg 720w, https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_receiver-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.cauchyschwarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/slide_window_receiver-670x331.jpg 670w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/388704023 \u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236 \u6162\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u4f20\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d \u6162\u542f\u52a8\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316cwnd = 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